Popanga makina opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zoikidwa za ma modules a photovoltaic ku mphamvu yovotera ya inverter ndi DC / AC Power Ratio,
Mu "Photovoltaic Power Generation System Efficiency Standard" yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 2012, chiwerengero cha mphamvu chimapangidwa molingana ndi 1: 1, koma chifukwa cha mphamvu ya kuwala ndi kutentha, ma modules a photovoltaic sangathe kufika. mphamvu mwadzina nthawi zambiri, ndipo inverter kwenikweni Zonse zikuyenda pamlingo wocheperako, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala pagawo la kuwononga mphamvu.
Muyezo womwe unatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala 2020, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamafakitale opangira magetsi a photovoltaic kudamasulidwa kwathunthu, ndipo kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zigawo ndi ma inverters kudafika 1.8: 1.Mulingo watsopano udzakulitsa kwambiri kufunikira kwapakhomo kwa zigawo ndi ma inverters.Ikhoza kuchepetsa mtengo wa magetsi ndikufulumizitsa kufika kwa nthawi ya photovoltaic parity.
Pepalali lidzatenga dongosolo la photovoltaic logawidwa ku Shandong monga chitsanzo, ndikulisanthula kuchokera ku mphamvu yeniyeni yotulutsa ma modules a photovoltaic, chiwerengero cha zotayika zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kuperekedwa mopitirira malire, ndi chuma.
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Mchitidwe wopereka mopitilira muyeso wa solar panel
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Pakalipano, kuperekedwa kwakukulu kwa magetsi a photovoltaic padziko lapansi kuli pakati pa 120% ndi 140%.Chifukwa chachikulu choperekera mopitilira muyeso ndikuti ma module a PV sangathe kufikira mphamvu yabwino kwambiri panthawi yomwe akugwira ntchito.Zomwe zimachititsa ndi izi:
1).Kusakwanira kwa radiation intensity (yozizira)
2)) Kutentha kozungulira
3).Kutsekereza Dothi ndi Fumbi
4) Kuwongolera kwa gawo la solar sikuli koyenera tsiku lonse (mabulaketi otsata amakhala ochepa)
5) Kuchepetsa gawo la solar: 3% mchaka choyamba, 0.7% pachaka pambuyo pake.
6) .Kufananiza zotayika mkati ndi pakati pa zingwe za ma module a dzuwa
Mapiritsi opangira magetsi tsiku ndi tsiku okhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana owonjezera
M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiŵerengero chowonjezereka cha machitidwe a photovoltaic chawonetsa kuwonjezeka.
Kuphatikiza pazifukwa za kutayika kwa dongosolo, kutsika kwina kwa mitengo yazigawo m'zaka zaposachedwa komanso kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa inverter kwapangitsa kuti zingwe ziwonjezeke zomwe zitha kulumikizidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupereka ndalama zambiri kukhale kwachuma. , Kupereka zowonjezereka kwa zigawozi kungathenso kuchepetsa mtengo wa magetsi, potero kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa mkati mwa kubwerera kwa polojekitiyo, kotero kuti mphamvu yolimbana ndi chiopsezo cha ndalama za polojekitiyi ikuwonjezeka.
Kuonjezera apo, ma modules amphamvu kwambiri a photovoltaic akhala njira yayikulu pakukula kwa mafakitale a photovoltaic panthawiyi, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wopereka zigawo zowonjezera komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic yapakhomo.
Malingana ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi, zowonjezera zowonjezera zakhala zochitika za polojekiti ya photovoltaic.
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Kupanga mphamvu ndi kusanthula mtengo
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Kutengera malo opangira magetsi a 6kW apanyumba omwe amaperekedwa ndi eni ake mwachitsanzo, ma module a LONGi 540W, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wogawidwa, amasankhidwa.Akuti pafupifupi 20 kWh yamagetsi imatha kupangidwa patsiku, ndipo mphamvu yopangira magetsi pachaka imakhala pafupifupi 7,300 kWh.
Malingana ndi magawo amagetsi a zigawozo, mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya malo apamwamba kwambiri ndi 13A.Sankhani inverter yayikulu GoodWe GW6000-DNS-30 pamsika.Zomwe zimalowetsa panopa za inverter iyi ndi 16A, zomwe zingagwirizane ndi msika wamakono.mkulu panopa zigawo zikuluzikulu.Kutengera mtengo wapakati wazaka 30 wa kuwala kwapachaka kwazinthu zowunikira mu mzinda wa Yantai, m'chigawo cha Shandong, machitidwe osiyanasiyana okhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana adawunikidwa.
2.1 magwiridwe antchito
Kumbali imodzi, kupereka mopitirira muyeso kumawonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi, koma kumbali ina, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma modules a dzuwa kumbali ya DC, kutayika kofanana kwa ma modules a dzuwa mu chingwe cha dzuwa ndi kutayika kwa magetsi. Kuwonjezeka kwa mzere wa DC, kotero pali chiŵerengero choyenera cha mphamvu, kukulitsa mphamvu ya dongosolo.Pambuyo pa kuyerekezera kwa PVsyst, magwiridwe antchito amachitidwe mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana a dongosolo la 6kVA atha kupezeka.Monga momwe tawonetsera mu tebulo ili m'munsimu, pamene chiwerengero cha mphamvu chili pafupi ndi 1.1, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kafika pamtunda, zomwe zikutanthauzanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zigawozi ndizopamwamba kwambiri panthawiyi.
Kuchita bwino kwadongosolo komanso kupanga mphamvu kwapachaka ndi ma ratios osiyanasiyana
2.2 Kupanga mphamvu ndi ndalama
Malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito amachitidwe mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ma module m'zaka za 20, kutulutsa mphamvu kwapachaka pansi pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zoperekera mphamvu kumatha kupezeka.Malinga ndi mtengo wamagetsi pa gridi ya 0.395 yuan/kWh (mtengo woyezera magetsi wa malasha a desulfurized ku Shandong), ndalama zogulitsira magetsi pachaka zimawerengedwa.Zotsatira zowerengera zikuwonetsedwa patebulo pamwambapa.
2.3 Kusanthula mtengo
Mtengo ndi zomwe ogwiritsira ntchito mapulojekiti a photovoltaic apanyumba amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Pakati pawo, ma modules a photovoltaic ndi inverters ndizo zida zazikulu zopangira zida, ndi zipangizo zina zothandizira monga mabakiteriya a photovoltaic, zipangizo zotetezera ndi zingwe, komanso ndalama zoyendetsera polojekiti. kumanga.Kuonjezera apo, ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikanso kuganizira za mtengo wosungira magetsi a photovoltaic.Mtengo wapakati wokonza umakhala pafupifupi 1% mpaka 3% ya ndalama zonse zogulira.Pamtengo wonse, ma module a photovoltaic amakhala pafupifupi 50% mpaka 60%.Kutengera ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi, mtengo wapanyumba wa photovoltaic mtengo wapanyumba uli pafupifupi monga momwe tawonetsera patebulo ili:
Mtengo Woyerekeza wa Residence PV Systems
Chifukwa cha magawo osiyanasiyana operekedwa mopitilira muyeso, mtengo wamakina umasiyananso, kuphatikiza zigawo, mabulaketi, zingwe za DC, ndi ndalama zoyikira.Malinga ndi gome lomwe lili pamwambali, mtengo wa magawo osiyanasiyana operekedwa mopitilira muyeso ukhoza kuwerengedwa, monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi.
Mtengo wa Dongosolo, Ubwino ndi Zothandiza Pansi pa Magawo Osiyanasiyana Owonjezera
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Kusanthula kwa phindu lowonjezera
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Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera kuzomwe zili pamwambazi kuti ngakhale mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zapachaka ndi ndalama zidzawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiŵerengero chowonjezera, mtengo wa ndalama udzawonjezeka.Kuonjezera apo, tebulo lomwe lili pamwambali likuwonetsa kuti kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kamakhala nthawi 1.1 Kwambiri pamene akuphatikizana.Choncho, kuchokera ku luso lamakono, 1.1x kunenepa kwambiri ndi koyenera.
Komabe, kuchokera kwa ochita malonda, sikokwanira kulingalira mapangidwe a photovoltaic systems kuchokera ku luso lamakono.M'pofunikanso kusanthula zotsatira za kugawikana mopitirira muyeso pa ndalama zogulira ndalama potengera chuma.
Malinga ndi mtengo wandalama ndi ndalama zopangira magetsi molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zili pamwambapa, mtengo wa kWh wazaka 20 ndi kuchuluka kwa msonkho wamkati usanabwere zitha kuwerengedwa.
LCOE ndi IRR mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana
Monga momwe tikuonera pa chithunzi pamwambapa, pamene chiŵerengero cha kugawa mphamvu chili chochepa, mphamvu zopangira mphamvu ndi ndalama za dongosolo zimawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha mphamvu, ndipo ndalama zomwe zikuwonjezeka panthawiyi zimatha kulipira mtengo wowonjezera chifukwa cha kupitirira. allocation.Pamene chiwerengero cha mphamvu ndi chachikulu kwambiri, mlingo wamkati wa kubwerera kwa dongosolo umachepa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha zinthu monga kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa malire a mphamvu ya gawo lowonjezera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutayika kwa mzere.Pamene chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi 1.5, mlingo wamkati wobwerera IRR wa ndalama zamakina ndi waukulu kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, pazachuma, 1.5: 1 ndiye chiŵerengero champhamvu cha dongosolo lino.
Kupyolera mu njira yofanana ndi yomwe ili pamwambapa, chiŵerengero chokwanira cha mphamvu ya dongosolo pansi pa mphamvu zosiyana chimawerengedwa kuchokera ku momwe chuma chikuyendera, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi izi:
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Epilogue
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Pogwiritsira ntchito deta ya dzuwa ya Shandong, pansi pa zikhalidwe zosiyana siyana za mphamvu, mphamvu ya photovoltaic module linanena bungwe kufika inverter pambuyo kutayika amawerengedwa.Pamene chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ndi 1.1, kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo ndikochepa kwambiri, ndipo gawo logwiritsira ntchito chigawo ndilopamwamba kwambiri panthawiyi. .Popanga dongosolo la photovoltaic, osati kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zigawo zomwe zili pansi pa zipangizo zamakono ziyenera kuganiziridwa, komanso chuma ndicho chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga polojekiti.Kupyolera mu kawerengetsedwe ka zachuma, 8kW system 1.3 ndiyo yotsika mtengo kwambiri ikakhala yochuluka, 10kW system 1.2 ndiyo yotsika mtengo kwambiri ikaperekedwa mopitirira malire, ndipo 15kW system 1.2 ndiyo yotsika mtengo kwambiri ikakhala yochuluka. .
Pamene njira yomweyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiwerengero chachuma cha chiwerengero cha mphamvu mu makampani ndi malonda, chifukwa cha kuchepetsa mtengo wa watt wa dongosolo, chiŵerengero chachuma chabwino kwambiri chidzakhala chapamwamba.Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha zifukwa za msika, mtengo wa photovoltaic systems udzasiyananso kwambiri, zomwe zidzakhudzanso kwambiri kuwerengera kwa chiwerengero cha mphamvu.Ichinso ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe maiko osiyanasiyana atulutsa zoletsa pakupanga chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya photovoltaic systems.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-28-2022